What is Friday prayer for Muslims?

Understanding Friday Prayer in Islam

The jumʿah, which serves as a substitute for the regular midday prayer (ṣalāt al-ẓuhr), is required to be conducted in the presence of a significant number of Muslims—some legal scholars suggest a minimum of 40. This communal prayer must occur in a central mosque within each community. The Qurʾān (62:9) explicitly emphasizes the importance of gathering for worship on Fridays.