Who was the last Umayyad caliph?
Approved answer
The Last Umayyad Caliph
The final Umayyad caliph, Marwān II, ruled from 744 to 750. He was ultimately defeated during the Battle of the Great Zab River in 750. Following this loss, many members of the Umayyad family were pursued and killed. However, one survivor, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, managed to escape and later established his rule in Spain in 756, thereby founding the Umayyad dynasty in Córdoba.