Introduction
The city of Rabat serves as the capital of the Kingdom of Morocco, located along the Atlantic Ocean. It is situated to the left of the estuary of the river known as the Bou Regreg, which separates Rabat from the historic city of Salé, nestled on the western side of Morocco, directly across the river. Spanning an area of approximately 120 square kilometers, Rabat is home to a population of around 1.7 million residents.
Establishment of Rabat
Rabat was established by the Almohad dynasty in the 12th century of the Islamic calendar. The foundation of this fortified city included the construction of a mosque and a residence for the caliphate. Further developments to the city were implemented later by Abu Yusuf al-Mansur, who oversaw the completion of various gates and walls that would enhance its fortifications.
Significance of Rabat
Historically, Rabat played a crucial role as a refuge for Andalusian immigrants following their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula due to the fall of the Andalusian state. This migration occurred in successive waves between the 13th and 14th centuries. The first wave arrived in Rabat in 1239, bringing with them a diverse group of immigrants from Valencia and other regions of Andalusia.
Rabat is recognized as the second-largest city in Morocco by area, surpassed only by Casablanca. In recent years, it has gradually evolved into a hub for business and commerce. This shift has attracted significant interest from investors, leading to the initiation of numerous important economic projects in the city.
Culturally, Rabat stands as one of Morocco’s foremost cultural capitals, reflective of the rich historical heritage of the Maghreb region. The city is proud of its deep-rooted connection to Andalusian culture and is home to notable figures such as the esteemed scholar Ibn Khaldun, among others. Consequently, Rabat boasts a variety of valuable cultural institutions, including the Museum of Oudayas, the Museum of Popular Arts, and the Museum of Antiquities. Additionally, the city hosts several significant educational establishments, enhancing its cultural landscape.