Tajweed Rules in Surah Al-Muzzammil
Tajweed involves mastering the recitation of the Quran as it was revealed by Allah Almighty to our Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This article will discuss the rules of Tajweed as they pertain to Surah Al-Muzzammil.
Rules of Noon Sakinah and Tanween
There are specific rules for Noon Sakinah and Tanween when they encounter different letters, categorized into four primary rules:
- **Izhhar (Clear Pronunciation)**
This occurs when Noon Sakinah or Tanween is followed by any of the letters: (أ, ه, ع, ح, غ, خ).
- **Idgham (Merging)**
This rule is applicable when Noon Sakinah or Tanween is followed by one of the letters grouped under the word “يرملون”.
- **Iqlab (Conversion)**
This involves the conversion of Noon Sakinah or Tanween into a Meem when followed by the letter (ب).
- **Ikhfaa (Concealment)**
This occurs when Noon Sakinah or Tanween precedes any remaining letters of the alphabet, requiring the concealment of Noon Sakinah or Tanween while maintaining the nasal sound (ghunnah).
| Rule | Context in the Verses |
| Izhhar Halqi | (مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا) (قَلِيلًا* أَوزِدْ) (تَرْتِيلًا*إِنَّا) (ثَقِيلًا* إِنَّ) (قِيلًا* إِنَّ) (مَهِيلًا* إِنَّا) (عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا) (شَاهِداً عَلَيْكُمْ) (مَفْعُولًا* إِنَّ) (سَبِيلًأ* إِنَّ) (قَرْضاً* حَسَناً) (مِّنْ خَيْرٍ) |
| Idgham with Ghunnah | (قَلِيلًا* نِصْفَهُ) (وَطْئاً وَأَقْوَمُ) (طَوِيلًا* وَاذْكُرِ) (وَكِيلًا* وَاصْبِرْ) (جَمِيلًا* وَذَرْنِي) (أَنْكَالًا وَجَحِيماً) (غُصَّةٍ وَعَذَاباً أَلِيماً* يَوْمَ) (كَثِيباً مَّهِيلًا) (يَوْمَ يَجْعَلُ) (أَخْذاً وَبِيلًا) |
| Idgham without Ghunnah | (تَبتِيلًا*رَّبُ) (أَن لَّن) (غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمُ) |
| Ikhfaa Haqqi | (أَوِ انقُصْ) (قَوْلًا ثَقِيلًا) (سَبْحاً طَوِيلًا) (رَسُولًا* فَعَصَى) (وَبِيلًا* فَكَيْفَ) (إِن كَفَرْتُمْ) (مُنفَطِرٌ) (تَذْكِرَةٌ فَمَن شَآءَ) (مِن ثُلُثَِي) (لَّن تُحْصُوهُ) (أَن سَيَكُونُ مِنكُم) (مِن فَضْلِ) (لِأَنفُسِكُم مِّن خَيْرٍ تَجِدُوهُ عِندَ اللهِ) |
| Iqlab | (مُنْفَطِرٌ بِهِ) |
Rules of Meem Sakinah
The rules governing Meem Sakinah are categorized into three types:
- **Shafawi Ikhfaa (Concealment)**: Follows a Meem Sakinah with the letter ب.
- **Idgham of Similar Letters**: Occurs when a Meem Sakinah is followed by a moving Meem.
- **Shafawi Izhhar (Clear Pronunciation)**: Happens when a Meem Sakinah is followed by any letters except ب and م.
| Rule | Context in the Verses |
| Shafawi Izhhar | (وَاهْجُرْهُمْ هَجْرًا) (وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلًا) (إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا) (عَلَيْكُمْ كَمَآ) (كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا) (عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْرَءُواْ) |
| Shafawi Idgham | (مِنكُمْ مَّرْضَى) (لِأَنفُسِكُمْ مِّنْ) |
Rules of Madd (Prolongation)
Madd is classified into nine types divided into two primary categories:
- **Original Madd**: Extended by two counts and comprises four types:
- Natural Madd.
- Badal (Substitution).
- `Udd (Compensation).
- Minor Silah (Connection).
- **Secondary Madd**: Consists of five types:
- Obligatory Connected Madd.
- Permissible Separate Madd.
- Necessary Madd.
- Soft Madd.
- Temporary Madd at Silence.
| Rule | Context in the Verses |
| Natural | (سَنُلْقِي) (نَاشِئَةَ) (النَّهَارِ) (وَذَرْنِي وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ) (وَطَعَامًا ذَا) (الجِبَالُ) (رَسُولًا) (فَتَابَ) (الْوِلْدَانَ شِيباً) (تُحْصُوهُ) (يَضْرِبُونَ) (يَبْتَغُونَ) (تَتَّقُونَ) |
| Badal | (الْقُرْءَانَ) (أُوْلِي) (فَاقْرَءُواْ) (وَءَاخَرُونَ) (وَءَاتُواْ) |
| `Udd | (قَلِيلًا) (تَرتِيلًا) (ثَقِيلًا) (قِيلًا) (طَوِيلًا) (تَبتِيلًا) (وَكِيلًا) (جَمِيلًا) (جَحِيمًا) (أَلِيمًا) (مَفْعُولًا) |
| Minor Silah | (وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولًا) (وَنِصْفَهُ وَثُلُثَهُ وَطَآئِفَةٌ) |
| Major Silah | (نِصْفَهُ أَوِ) |
| Obligatory Connected | (شَآءَ) (وَطَآئِفَةٌ) |
| Permissible Separate | (يَا أَيُّهَا) (لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ) (لَدَيْنَا أَنْكَالًا) (إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ) (كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى) |
Qalqalah
Qalqalah in Arabic denotes fluctuation. In terms of recitation, it refers to the vibration and shaking of the articulation point when pronouncing a letter while it is silent, resulting in a strong sound. The five letters of Qalqalah can be remembered by the phrase “قطب جد”. The ranks of Qalqalah include Qalqalah Kبرى (Major Qalqalah), which occurs at the end of a word, and Qalqalah صغرى (Minor Qalqalah), which occurs in the middle of a word.
| Rule | Context in the Verses |
| Qalqalah Kبرى | (أَوْزِدْ) |
| Qalqalah صغرى | (وَطْئًا وَأَقْوَمُ) (تَبْتِيلًا) (هَجْراً) (سَبْحاً) (يَجْعَلُ) (أَدْنَى) (فاقْرَءُوا) (أَجْراً) |