Short Hadiths
Hadiths on the Characteristics of the Prophet
A significant number of authentic hadiths provide insights into the physical and moral attributes of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Below are some notable examples:
- (Aisha was asked about the character of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and she replied: His character was the Quran).
- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: (Indeed, the dearest of you to me and the closest to me on the Day of Judgment will be those with the best manners).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would invoke: (O Allah, guide me to the best of morals; none can guide to the best of them except You. Turn away from me the worst of them; none can turn them away from me except You).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated: (I have been sent to perfect good character).
- (The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was neither tall nor short, not extremely white nor dark, not curly-haired nor straight. Allah sent him at the age of forty, and he lived in Mecca for ten years and in Medina for another ten years. He passed away at the age of sixty, and there were no more than twenty white hairs in his head and beard).
- (The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was the most handsome among people, of medium height, neither tall nor short).
- (The Prophet (peace be upon him) was of medium stature, with large hands and feet, a large head and neck, and when he walked, it was as though he descended from a height. I’ve never seen anyone like him before or after, peace be upon him).
- (The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was of average height, with broad shoulders, with thick hair reaching his earlobes. He wore a red cloak; I have never seen anything more beautiful than him, peace be upon him).
- (When asked if the Prophet’s face resembled a sword, Al-Bara replied: No, rather it was like the moon).
- (The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was fair-skinned, as if he was formed from silver, with well-groomed hair).
Hadiths on the Noble Quran
Numerous hadiths highlight the virtues of the Quran and its reciters. Here are some examples:
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stated: (There is no envy except in two cases: a person whom Allah has taught the Quran, and he recites it throughout the night and day. A neighbor hears him and wishes, ‘I wish I were given what so-and-so was given, so I could do likewise.’)
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: (The one who recites the Quran skillfully is with the noble, righteous scribes, while the one who finds it difficult has a double reward).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) mentioned: (Whoever recites a letter from the Book of Allah will receive a good deed, and a good deed is multiplied tenfold. I do not mean that Alif is a letter, nor Lam a letter, nor Meem a letter).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) asserted: (Read the Quran, for it will come on the Day of Judgment as an intercessor for its companions).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) declared: (Whenever a group gathers in one of Allah’s houses, reciting the Book of Allah and studying it together, tranquility descends upon them, mercy envelops them, angels surround them, and Allah mentions them among those who are with Him).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) likened: (The example of the believer who recites the Quran is like that of a fragrant fruit; its scent is sweet, and its taste is also sweet. The believer who does not recite the Quran is like a date; it has no scent but is sweet to taste).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) remarked: (Indeed, Allah has a family among the people. They asked: O Messenger of Allah, who are they? He replied: They are the people of the Quran, the family of Allah and His chosen ones).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated: (When a son of Adam recites the verse of prostration and performs prostration, the devil withdraws, weeping, saying: Woe to me! A son of Adam was commanded to prostrate, and he prostrated, so for him is Paradise. I was commanded to prostrate, yet I refused, so for me is the Fire).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) explained: (It will be said to the companion of the Quran: Recite, ascend, and recite slowly, just as you used to recite in the worldly life, for your rank is at the last verse you used to recite).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) asserted: (The one who does not have any part of the Quran in his heart is like a ruined house).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stated: (The best among you are those who learn the Quran and teach it).
Hadiths on the Virtue of Prayer
Prayer is the pillar of religion and the second pillar of Islam after the two testimonies. Listed below are some hadiths regarding prayer and its virtues:
- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stated: (The five daily prayers and Friday prayer to the next Friday are an expiation for what is between them, as long as one does not commit major sins).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: (Whoever performs ablution well and then walks to the obligatory prayer, his sins will be forgiven).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) posed a question: (What do you think if a river were at the door of one of you wherein he bathes five times a day, would any dirt remain on him? They replied: No dirt would remain. He said: The example of the five prayers is that Allah removes sins through them).
- Abdullah ibn Mas’ud reported asking the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): (Which deeds are the most beloved to Allah?) He replied: (Prayer at its appointed time). I asked: Then what? He replied: (Goodness to parents). I asked: Then what? He replied: (Jihad in the way of Allah). He mentioned these, and if I had asked for more, he would have increased it.
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) reported: (No Muslim performs ablution and perfects it, then prays a prayer, except that Allah forgives between that prayer and the one following it).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) affirmed: (Whenever a Muslim is present for a prescribed prayer and perfects its ablution, submission, and bowing, it will serve as an expiation for his previous sins as long as he abstains from major sins throughout the entire duration of his life).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) explained: (Whoever prays the Fajr prayer in congregation, then sits remembering Allah until the sun rises, then prays two units of prayer, will earn the reward of a complete Hajj and Umrah, complete, complete, complete).
Hadiths on the Virtue of Remembrance
Many hadiths in the Sunnah highlight the virtue of remembering Allah and encourage it. Here are a few examples:
- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stated: (Purity is half of faith. Praise be to Allah, it fills the scales. And declaring [His] perfection and praise, it fills what is between the heavens and the earth).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) mentioned: (Two words are light on the tongue, heavy on the scale, beloved to the Most Merciful: Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him; Glory be to Allah, the Most Great).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) remarked: (For me to say ‘Glory be to Allah,’ ‘Praise be to Allah,’ ‘There is no deity but Allah,’ and ‘Allah is the Greatest’ is more beloved to me than whatever the sun rises upon).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stated: (Whoever says ‘There is no deity but Allah, the One with no partner, to Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is capable of everything,’ one hundred times in a day will be equivalent to freeing ten people. One hundred good deeds will be recorded for him, one hundred bad deeds will be erased, and he will be protected from the devil on that day until evening, and no one can outdo what he has done except someone who does more).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) explained: (Whoever glorifies Allah thirty-three times after every prayer, praises Allah thirty-three times, and declares Allah is the Greatest thirty-four times, that totals ninety-nine. Then, he completes it with ‘There is no deity but Allah, the One with no partner, to Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is capable of everything.’ His sins will be forgiven, even if they are as abundant as the froth of the sea).
- The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) indicated: (Whoever says: ‘There is no deity but Allah, the One with no partner; to Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise; and He is capable of everything’ ten times will be as though he has freed four from the descendants of Isma’il).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: (Shall I inform you of the most beloved words to Allah? I said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me the most beloved words to Allah. He answered: Indeed, the most beloved words to Allah are: Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him).
Hadiths on Kindness to Parents
Numerous authentic hadiths emphasize the importance of kindness to parents and the great rewards associated with it. Below are a few highlights:
- A man asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): (O Messenger of Allah, who is most deserving of my good companionship?) He replied: (Your mother). The man asked: Then who? He said: (Then your mother). The man persisted: Then who? He replied: (Then your mother). The man then asked again: Then who? He said: (Then your father).
- A man approached the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and asked permission to participate in jihad. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) inquired: (Are your parents alive?) The man answered: Yes. He then said: (Then strive for their sake).
- Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the Prophet (peace be upon him): (Which deeds are most beloved to Allah?) The Prophet replied: (Prayer at its appointed time). Abdullah then asked: Then what? The Prophet said: (Kindness to parents). Abdullah repeated: Then what? He answered: (Jihad in the path of Allah). He shared these insights, and if I had sought further, he would have elaborated).
- A man named Jahimah asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): (O Messenger of Allah, I intended to join you in jihad seeking Allah’s pleasure and the Hereafter). The Prophet responded: (Is your mother alive?) The man said: Yes. The Prophet replied: (Return to her and be good to her). The man returned again from another angle, asking about jihad, and the Prophet reiterated his advice regarding the mother. The man reported this multiple times, and each time the Messenger of Allah replied: (Kindness to your mother is essential, for there lies Paradise beneath her feet).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) declared: (May the nose of a person be humbled—whoever encounters his parents in their old age, one or both, and does not enter Paradise).
- He also stated: (The pleasure of Allah lies in the pleasure of the parents, and the displeasure of Allah lies in their displeasure).
Definition of Hadith
In linguistic terms, a hadith refers to something new, which is the opposite of old. It can also refer to speech, whether brief or lengthy, with its plural form being ahadith. In a technical context, it denotes everything attributed to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) concerning his sayings, actions, approvals, or physical and moral attributes. Hadiths can be classified into various categories based on their acceptance or rejection, including:
- Authentic Hadith: Refers to a narration whose chain of transmission is connected through just and accurate narrators to its conclusion, without any inconsistencies or faults.
- Good Hadith: Relates to a narration whose chain of transmission is connected through just narrators, whose accuracy is slightly less than that of an authentic narrators, without inconsistencies or faults.
- Weak Hadith: Refers to narrations that do not meet the criteria of good hadith due to issues such as an incomplete chain of transmission or other discrepancies like inconsistencies in the text.