Sacara
The Sacara region stands out as one of the most significant archaeological sites in Egypt. Located opposite the ancient city of Memphis, this area is recognized as an ancient necropolis situated on the western bank of the Nile River. The name Sacara is believed to derive from the Pharaoh deity Sokar, who is associated with funerary practices.
Key Attractions in Sacara
Within the Sacara area, numerous ancient remnants are visible, predominantly from the Pharaonic era, including:
Zoser’s Monuments
Zoser was a Pharaoh of the Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt, renowned for his Step Pyramid, which was constructed around 2686 BCE. This pyramid is celebrated as the world’s earliest monumental stone structure. Designed by the royal physician Imhotep, it served as Zoser’s tomb. The base of the pyramid measures approximately 130 meters in length and 110 meters in width, rising to a height of 60 meters and composed of six sizable steps. It is primarily built from soft limestone and features numerous internal corridors, alongside several chambers embellished with ceramic pieces in shades of green and blue. The structure includes three false doors, each adorned with inscriptions dedicated to King Zoser.
A lifelike statue of King Zoser was discovered in one of the northeastern tombs of Sacara. This statue is considered to be the oldest depiction of the monarch, portrayed seated on his throne wearing ceremonial attire. Northeast of the pyramid, there are two niches associated with Zoser’s princess daughters, each containing a hall and several columns.
Pyramid of Unas
This pyramid is located to the south of the Sacara pyramid and was constructed as the burial site for King Unas of the Fifth Dynasty. Its chambers are inscribed with hieroglyphic texts known as the Pyramid Texts, marking it as one of the world’s first religious documents.
Tomb of Mereruka
The Tomb of Mereruka was constructed for his family, consisting of thirty-two passages and chambers arranged on the upper level. Mereruka allocated twenty-one chambers for himself, six for his wife, and five for his son. Among these rooms are six columns and a niche in the northern wall featuring a statue of him. The tomb is decorated with numerous inscriptions depicting his funeral, along with scenes showing Mereruka listening to his wife play the harp while dancers perform beside her.
Tomb of Ti
The Tomb of Ti is a mastaba built for Ti and his wife, Neferet, featuring two sections. The upper section contains a small hall supported by two columns, decorated with images of Ti entering and exiting the tomb.