Masmak Palace
Masmak Palace, located in Riyadh, specifically in the Al-Dira neighborhood in the northeastern part of the old city, is regarded as one of the significant historical archaeological sites in Saudi Arabia. The construction of this fortress dates back to 1895. In 1979, it underwent extensive restoration and repairs, and in 1995, it was converted into a museum. This museum now houses numerous artifacts and exhibits that reflect the time of the unification of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under King Abdulaziz Al Saud.
Mada’in Saleh
Mada’in Saleh is among the most important archaeological landmarks in Saudi Arabia, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The construction of this site dates back to pre-Islamic times, established by the Nabataeans who utilized it as a secondary capital of their kingdom. This historical significance explains the striking similarities it shares with the architecture of Petra in Jordan, featuring caves within the rocks, ancient tombs, and engravings and carvings on stone surfaces.
Justice Palace
The Justice Palace, an extensive historical edifice, covers an area of approximately 11,500 square meters. It has been the subject of numerous restoration and reconstruction efforts. The palace is characterized by traditional architectural design, deeply inspired by the local style of surrounding buildings. It overlooks a spacious courtyard and various shops within the old city market, as well as several ancient historical gateways.
Rock Carvings in Jubbah
Jubbah is home to one of Saudi Arabia’s oldest historical sites, featuring numerous rock carvings and sculptures that originate from various historical periods. Among these are engravings that depict animals that inhabited the now-dry lake area approximately 5,500 years ago, including camels and Arabian oryx. Additionally, there are many Thamudic inscriptions that date back to around 1000 BC.
Al Habala Village
Al Habala is recognized as one of the most remarkable and unique archaeological sites in Saudi Arabia. This village features historic homes carved into a cliff that rises about 400 meters above the valley floor, constructed over 370 years ago. The steep terrain makes access by car or on foot challenging, which is why ropes are often used to reach this mesmerizing location.