Sepsis: Understanding Blood Inflammation
Known in English as “sepsis,” bleeding inflammation is a serious medical condition triggered by bacterial infections. This occurrence leads to inflammation as the body releases substances into the bloodstream to combat the bacteria. The condition can result in organ damage as contaminated blood circulates throughout the body. Sepsis is particularly prevalent among the elderly and individuals with weakened immune systems.
Causes of Sepsis
Sepsis can arise from a variety of factors, including:
- Bacterial infections in the bloodstream.
- Bone infections.
- Injuries or surgical procedures that result in open wounds.
- Utilization of medical devices, such as ventilators or intravenous injections.
Symptoms of Sepsis
Individuals suffering from sepsis may exhibit a range of symptoms, including:
- Severe drops in blood pressure, potentially leading to shock and subsequent organ damage.
- Neurological disturbances.
- Chills and decreased body temperature.
- Increased heart rate.
- Skin rash that may spread across the body.
- Difficulties in breathing.
- Abdominal pain.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Healthcare providers diagnose sepsis based on underlying causes and observable symptoms. Due to the overlap of symptoms with other medical conditions, further diagnostic tests are often necessary. These may include blood cultures, coagulation tests, liver and kidney function assessments, along with imaging studies such as X-rays and MRI scans.
Treatment is customized to the patient’s condition; mild cases may be addressed with medications and injections. Antibiotics aimed at eliminating the causative bacteria are standard, alongside blood pressure medications and glucose regulators such as insulin. In more severe instances, surgical interventions may be needed to address the source of infection, kidney dialysis in cases of kidney failure, and mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure.
Types of Sepsis
Sepsis can be categorized into three distinct levels:
- Moderate Sepsis: Characterized by fever, increased body temperature (up to 38.5°C), and elevated heart rate and respiratory rates.
- Severe Sepsis: Manifested by reduced urine output, possible cognitive disturbances, decreased platelet counts, and impaired cardiac function, along with abdominal pain.
- Septic Shock: The most critical form, causing dangerously low blood pressure and significant systemic infection.
Preventing Sepsis
To minimize the risk of developing sepsis, it is essential to adhere to the following preventive measures:
- Receiving vaccinations against infections related to sepsis.
- Avoiding potential infections in healthcare settings.
- Practicing good personal hygiene.
- Consulting a healthcare professional if any symptoms that might indicate sepsis arise.
Video: Understanding Sepsis and Its Causes
Watch this video to learn more about sepsis and its causes: