Tipaza
Tipaza is a notable Algerian city founded by the Phoenicians, serving as one of their crucial trading colonies. The name “Tipaza” translates to “the passage,” a term derived from the Phoenician language, reflecting its role as a corridor between Algiers and the city of Iol. Geographically, it is situated along the Mediterranean coast, approximately 75 kilometers to the west of Algiers.
Historical Sites in Tipaza
Tipaza boasts a wealth of tourist attractions, historical landmarks, and archaeological sites, including:
- The Amphitheater: Located near the park’s entrance, this structure is among the first of its kind and features high walls, main gates, arches supporting the stands, and entrance doors leading to the arena.
- Temples such as the New Temple and the Unknown Temple.
- The Royal Mauritanian Tomb, known as the Tomb of the Romans, is situated on the road to the Sidi Rached area. This tomb is distinguished by the golden rays of sunlight reflecting on the sea, surrounded by dense trees. Discovered by the French archaeologist Dorian Berbrugger, it features intricate carvings, including images of a lion and a lioness, as well as colonnades and the structure itself.
- The Khalafahi Cemetery: Found outside the walls of Tipaza, this site belongs to the Basilica of Saint.
- Saint Salsa Church.
- The Sarcophagus of Fabia Salsa.
- The archaeological park on the western outskirts of Tipaza, which includes a museum, a port, and various landmarks.
- The Manse Table.
- The Sacred Salsa Hill.
- Remnants of the Columbarium.
- The three churches: the Great Basilica, the Basilica of Alexander located on the western hill, and the Basilica of Saint Salsa situated on the eastern hill.
General Information about Tipaza
- Historically known as a Punic city, Tipaza later became a colony under Latium. During the reign of Emperor Claudius, it was officially established as a Roman colony.
- In the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, Tipaza held significant commercial importance but did not excel in education or the arts.
- By the third century, the city became home to several Christian bishops. During the same period, Saint Salsa is credited with casting the head of a false deity into the sea.
- By the late 4th century, Tipaza’s population had reached around twenty thousand residents.
- The Vandal King Henrique sent an Arian bishop to Tipaza in 484 AD, prompting a mass emigration of residents to Spain via the sea. The Byzantines later occupied the city in 534 AD, but those who had fled to Spain began to return after 523 AD.
- Tipaza was protected by a massive wall, stretching several kilometers and featuring thirty-seven watchtowers.