IUD – Intrauterine Device
The intrauterine device (IUD) is a T-shaped contraceptive tool made from plastic and coated with copper, also containing the hormone progesterone. It is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy, boasting a success rate of approximately 75%.
Types of IUDs
The majority of IUDs in use today are made of plastic, with some incorporating copper. They come in various forms, including copper and hormonal IUDs. It’s essential that a woman does not attempt to insert the IUD herself and instead consults a qualified gynecologist for proper placement. With the various contraceptive methods available, women should discuss options with their healthcare provider to ensure the chosen method aligns with their long-term physical and mental health needs.
How IUDs Work
The copper IUD works by hindering the movement of sperm within the uterus, preventing the sperm from meeting the egg. In contrast, the hormonal IUD releases progesterone, which thickens the uterine lining, making it difficult for a fertilized egg to attach itself to the uterine wall, thus preventing pregnancy.
Effectiveness of IUDs in Preventing Pregnancy
The IUD is considered the second most effective contraceptive method after birth control pills. The likelihood of pregnancy with a copper IUD is less than 10%, while the hormonal IUD has a pregnancy rate of less than 2%.
Side Effects of IUD Usage
Some women using IUDs for contraception have reported mild to moderate uterine cramps shortly after placement, which may persist for several weeks along with occasional spotting. Approximately 15% of these women experienced an increase in menstrual bleeding days, leading to the necessity of IUD removal to stop excessive bleeding.
Other noted side effects include pelvic inflammation shortly after placement. Thus, it is essential to have monthly follow-ups with a physician to monitor for any potential infections. Additionally, rare but serious complications such as uterine perforation can occur during insertion, potentially leading to severe bleeding, though this is uncommon according to statistics. Other complaints include unpleasant odors from vaginal discharge and discomfort during intercourse. Furthermore, as the IUD does not provide 100% pregnancy prevention, there is a possibility of ectopic pregnancies occurring when a fertilized egg fails to attach to the uterine lining.
Video on IUD Risks
For further insights regarding the potential risks associated with IUDs, please watch this informative video.