Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton, a prominent figure in the fields of physics and mathematics, was born in England in 1642 and passed away in 1727. He played a pivotal role in the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century. Newton’s groundbreaking work on the analysis of white light laid the foundation for modern physical optics. In the realm of mechanics, his three laws of motion serve as the fundamental principles of contemporary physics and formed the basis for the formulation of the law of universal gravitation. In addition, Newton is credited with the origin of calculus, making significant contributions to mathematics.
Niels Bohr
Niels Bohr was born in Denmark in 1885 and developed a keen interest in physics from an early age. His studies culminated in a doctorate in physics from the University of Copenhagen in 1911. Bohr emerged as a leading figure in modern physics, renowned for his substantial contributions to quantum theory and his groundbreaking research on atomic structure, which earned him a Nobel Prize. One of Bohr’s most significant contributions to modern physics is the atomic model, which depicts the atom as a small nucleus with a positive charge surrounded by electrons in orbital paths. Furthermore, his theoretical work aided in enhancing scientists’ understanding of nuclear fission through the liquid drop model, and he contributed to quantum theory, emphasizing the necessity of experimentation and measurement to comprehend electron properties.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei, an influential Italian scientist, was born in 1564 and died in 1642. He was a polymath, excelling in astronomy, mathematics, physics, and philosophy. His contributions to astronomy include the invention of the telescope and his support for Copernican theory, which posits a sun-centered solar system. Galileo’s impact on our understanding of the universe was significant, both due to his discoveries and the methodologies he developed, utilizing mathematics to substantiate his findings. He is often referred to as the “father of modern science” for his central role in the Scientific Revolution.