Causes of Fungal Infections in Cats
The primary source of most fungal infections affecting cats is the soil. These fungi can enter a cat’s body through various means, including inhalation or ingestion. Additionally, any wounds or scratches on a cat can facilitate the entry of these fungi into its system. It is important to note that cats that are sick, have a weakened immune system, or are elderly are at a higher risk for fungal infections. Fungal infections can arise from several factors, including:
- Sensitivity of cats to fleas.
- Exposure to pancreatic or liver cancer.
- Prolonged exposure to high humidity and elevated temperatures.
- Contact with feces from an infected animal.
- Contact with contaminated soil.
- Inhalation of airborne fungi.
- Contamination of wounds with fungi, leading to infection.
Common Symptoms of Fungal Infections in Cats
The symptoms exhibited by cats suffering from fungal infections can vary based on the specific type of fungus involved. However, several symptoms are more commonly observed. These include:
- Presence of bloody nasal discharge.
- Persistent sneezing and coughing.
- Swelling in the area beneath the nose.
- Dizziness or disorientation.
- Formation of cysts under the skin.
- Anemia.
- Possible blindness.
- Diarrhea.
- Signs of depression in the cat.
- Difficulty in breathing.
- Eye infections.
- Fever and elevated body temperature.
- Loss of appetite.
- Pneumonia.
- Bladder infections.
- Paralysis and inability to move.
- Skin infections.
- Lethargy and decreased energy levels.
- Significant weight loss.
Treatment of Fungal Infections in Cats
Initially, a veterinarian will diagnose fungal infections to determine the type of infection and the symptoms exhibited by the cat. Based on this assessment, the veterinarian will select the most suitable treatment. Common treatment options for fungal infections include:
- Administration of topical or oral antifungal medications.
- Application of creams, ointments, or medicated shampoos.
- Use of intravenous medications or fluids in specific cases.
In scenarios where the fungal infection poses a risk of transmission to humans, the veterinarian may recommend hospitalization for the affected cat to prevent spreading the infection to family members. If the infected cat remains at home, it is crucial to take precautions such as wearing gloves and masks when handling the cat or changing its litter. Additionally, maintaining cleanliness of its bedding, toys, and food dishes is essential.
Common Types of Fungal Infections in Cats
Several fungal infections can affect cats, but the most prevalent types include:
- Aspergillosis.
- Candidiasis.
- Cryptococcosis.
- Blastomycosis.
- Histoplasmosis.
- Fungal tumors.
- Dermatophyte infections.
- Oropharyngeal candidiasis.