Rising Temperatures and Sea Level Concerns
Due to the phenomenon of global warming, 2015 marked a significant increase in temperature, with projections suggesting that temperatures may soar to 54°C in the coming years. This rise in temperature has resulted in the melting of glaciers and polar ice sheets, leading to an increase in water volume and consequently raising sea levels. This situation poses a serious threat to low-lying islands and coastal areas.
Increasing Oceanic Acidity
The rise in carbon dioxide levels, a direct consequence of global warming, has led to increased absorption of this gas by the oceans, resulting in higher water acidity levels. When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, it forms carbonic acid. Notably, since the onset of the industrial revolution in the early 18th century, ocean acidity has escalated by approximately 25%. This heightened acidity can lead to the dissolution of shells and other calcium carbonate structures in marine organisms. If the trend of increasing ocean acidity continues, it may significantly reduce coral reef populations.
Impact on Flora and Fauna
The ramifications of global warming on ecosystems are profound and far-reaching. Many species of plants and animals are migrating to higher altitudes in response to rising temperatures. Furthermore, increased temperatures are facilitating the spread of pathogens that were previously confined to tropical and subtropical regions, which could lead to the decline of numerous plant and animal species. It is crucial to note that if global warming continues unabated, over half of the plant species and one-third of animal species could face extinction by the year 2080.
Additional Effects of Global Warming
Global warming has a multitude of other impacts, including:
- Droughts resulting in increased forest fires, crop failures, and shortages of drinking water, despite rising global rainfall.
- The migration of various animal species, including butterflies and foxes, to northern or cooler regions.
- The proliferation of certain pests and animals, such as mosquitoes and ticks, as well as agricultural nuisances.
- An increase in severe and frequent weather events, including wildfires, hurricanes, droughts, and floods.