Causes of Body Chills
The term “body chills” generally refers to the sensation of feeling cold coupled with shivering or trembling. Chills occur due to the contraction and relaxation of muscles, along with the constriction of blood vessels in the skin. They may persist continuously for an hour or appear in intervals lasting several minutes. The causes of chills can be categorized as follows:
Chills Accompanied by Fever
Chills are generally associated with an increase in body temperature, occurring as a response to conditions that induce fever such as infections and cancer. The following factors are known to contribute to the onset of chills alongside fever:
- Bacterial and viral gastroenteritis.
- Influenza.
- Meningitis.
- Sinusitis.
- Pneumonia.
- Strep throat.
- Urinary tract infections.
- Malaria.
Chills Without Fever
Experiencing body chills without accompanying fever may be attributed to the following causes:
- Exposure to Cold: Individuals may feel chills when exposed to extremely cold environments. Notably, as people age, their bodies find it more challenging to regulate temperature, particularly in elderly individuals suffering from medical conditions like diabetes and heart disease. Chills from cold exposure should dissipate once the body warms up; however, prolonged exposure can lead to serious complications such as hypothermia and frostbite.
- Certain Medications: Some medications can cause chills as a side effect, including taking incorrect doses of over-the-counter medicines, herbal supplements, or specific prescription medications.
- Intense Physical Activity: Engaging in strenuous activities like marathons can trigger changes in the body’s core temperature, with dehydration also potentially leading to chills.
- Hypothyroidism: When the thyroid gland is underactive and fails to produce sufficient hormones for regulating metabolism, it can result in increased sensitivity to cold, thereby causing body chills.
- Hypoglycemia: A drop in blood sugar levels may cause sensations of trembling and muscle weakness, a condition commonly seen in diabetic patients.
- Malnutrition: Nutritional deficiencies can impair the body’s functioning, leading to weakness, fatigue, and chills.
- Emotional Response: Chills can occur as an emotional response to impactful situations, including feelings of fear, anxiety, or while listening to inspiring music or words.
Consulting a Physician
It is crucial to seek medical attention if chills are accompanied by any of the following symptoms:
- Stiff neck
- Confusion or irritability
- Coughing
- Shortness of breath
- Abdominal pain
- Frequent urination
- Severe fever