Tabaq Castle
Tabaq Castle stands as a significant historical landmark in the city of Tabaq. This fortress is located along the Shami pilgrimage route that leads from the Levant to Medina. The castle was initially constructed during the reign of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1559 AD, before undergoing renovations in 1653 AD under Sultan Muhammad IV. Notably, remnants of the renovations can still be seen on the Khufiyah tiles at the castle’s entrance. It is worth mentioning that the fortress has undergone several restoration efforts throughout its history.
Al-Bida Oasis
Al-Bida Oasis is another notable archaeological site in the vicinity of Tabaq, situated approximately 225 kilometers away. This ancient oasis features rock-carved tombs dating back to the Nabataean period. Additionally, it encompasses the remains of an early Islamic city and other historical sites such as Al-Malqata, further emphasizing its rich historical significance.
Timah Archaeological Site
Located 263 kilometers southeast of Tabaq, the Timah archaeological site is an ancient oasis whose history predates Islam. This site is rich in historical artifacts and inscriptions that date back to the sixth century BC, along with early Islamic remnants. Noteworthy structures include the Hadaj Well, the Al-Hamra Palace, and the famed Timah Stele inscribed in Aramaic, as well as the Al-Bajidi Palace from the Abbasid era.
Al-Hajr Village
This village is situated 79 kilometers northwest of Tabaq and is one of the significant archaeological sites in northwest Saudi Arabia. Al-Hajr Village is primarily a settlement and agricultural area that dates back to the first millennium BC. Excavations in the region have unearthed various stone tools from the Stone Age, alongside kilns, pottery, extensive walls across the plain, temples, and water distribution channels.
Al-Mwailih Fortress
Al-Mwailih Fortress is located 45 kilometers north of the Al-Dabaa Governorate. Its construction dates back to 968 AH during the reign of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. This fortress is recognized as one of the critical historical sites along the Egyptian pilgrimage route and was the largest fort built along this path during its time. The northern section of the fortress includes two wells, which date back to the Mamluk period.
Ainunah Site
The Ainunah site is located in the northwest region of Saudi Arabia and features remnants of a settlement dating back to the fourth century BC. Archaeologists have uncovered numerous artifacts and remains from various epochs, including diverse pottery shapes, metals, marine shells, grinding mills for grain, and remnants of several furnaces and smelting sites. Of particular note is the presence of Nabataean-Roman and successive Islamic artifacts, making Ainunah one of the largest Nabataean trade ports along the Red Sea coast.
Geographical Location of Tabaq
The city of Tabaq is distinguished by its unique geographical position, which contributes to its enduring presence as a vibrant hub. Tabaq shares borders with Jordan, Palestine, and Syria, while also connecting with routes leading to Europe and Turkey. The city faces Africa across the sea, with proximity to the shores of Egypt, extending outward to the Maghreb region. Tabaq is blessed with abundant resources and is considered part of the Hijaz region, overlooking the Najd region to the east, directly opposite the Sarawat Mountains.