Follicular Cysts
Each month, the ovaries release a mature egg, typically housed within a sac-like structure known as a follicle. As the egg reaches maturity, the follicle ruptures, releasing the egg. However, if the follicle does not rupture, a follicular cyst can form. It is important to note that these cysts generally take between one to three months to resolve on their own.
Corpus Luteum Cysts
Once the follicle ruptures and the mature egg is released, the follicle or sac typically diminishes in size, preparing for the next egg. However, if the follicle closes and fills with fluid, it can develop into a corpus luteum cyst. This type of cyst usually resolves within a few weeks; however, if it continues to grow, it may lead to bleeding and cause discomfort.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to a health condition characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries. A significant underlying cause of this condition is abnormal hormonal fluctuations in the body.
Dermoid Cysts
Another type of cyst that can form on the ovaries is known as a dermoid cyst. These benign tumors arise from abnormal tissue growth within the ovary.
Other Types of Cysts
Other ovarian cyst types include endometriomas, which are related to a medical condition known as endometriosis. This condition involves the abnormal growth of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus, and when it occurs on the ovaries, it is referred to as an endometrioma.