Various Types of Medications
Fluid retention, known in English as “Fluid retention,” can result from several different factors, with certain medications being a common contributor. The following types of medications are known to cause fluid retention:
- Certain drugs prescribed for heart diseases and hypertension.
- Some classes of antidepressants.
- Corticosteroids.
- Various hormonal therapies.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Birth control pills.
Lifestyle Factors
Some lifestyle habits and practices can also be responsible for fluid retention in the body, including:
- Prolonged periods of standing or sitting.
- High salt intake.
- Air travel.
- Lack of physical activity.
- Low protein consumption in the diet.
- Poor nutrition and an unhealthy dietary pattern.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Fluid retention may occur due to high blood pressure resulting from weakened heart muscles or congestive heart failure. In these cases, the heart struggles to pump blood effectively, leading to blood pooling in the legs and swelling. Additionally, fluid accumulation may occur in the abdomen and lungs in some instances.
Kidney Disorders
Certain kidney diseases can impair the filtration of sodium and fluids from the body, resulting in their accumulation in the tissues. Furthermore, damage to blood vessels in the kidneys can lead to nephrotic syndrome, characterized by low serum albumin levels, which can also contribute to fluid retention in the body.
Vascular Disorders
Disturbances in the movement of interstitial fluid between blood vessels and various body tissues can lead to abnormal fluid accumulation. This may occur due to irregularities in the blood vessel walls or pressure within them. Additionally, the lymphatic system plays a vital role in returning these fluids to the bloodstream through lymphatic vessels, and if these vessels become congested, fluid can accumulate in the tissues as well.
Other Causes
There are numerous other potential causes of fluid retention in the body, including:
- Cirrhosis of the liver.
- Thyroid disorders.
- Chronic lung diseases.
- Fat accumulation.
- Burn injuries or other types of trauma.
- Deep vein thrombosis.
- Hormonal imbalances and menstrual cycles.
- Pregnancy.