Reasons Why Infants Might Have Trouble Sleeping
Infants experience sleep patterns that differ significantly from those of adults. They may wake several times throughout the night and often do not adhere to the same sleep schedule as grown-ups. However, as infants grow, their sleep patterns typically evolve into a more regular routine. It is important to note that sleep habits can vary greatly from one child to another. Below are some common reasons why an infant may struggle to sleep well:
Challenges in Sleep Regulation
Newborns often do not have a consistent sleep schedule, as they are unable to distinguish between night and day. Some infants may sleep adequately during the day while remaining alert and active at night. Though this can be exhausting for parents, it is usually a temporary situation. Additionally, any alterations in the sleep routine of older infants can disrupt their sleeping patterns, making it challenging for them to fall asleep at the usual times. To mitigate this issue, it is advisable to establish and follow a consistent bedtime routine, such as reading a bedtime story or putting the infant to bed at the same time each night.
Hunger or Thirst
Hunger is a prevalent reason why an infant may wake up at night, even if they were fed just a few hours earlier. In cases of breastfeeding, the milk can be digested quickly, leaving the child feeling hungry sooner than anticipated. Furthermore, it is common for an infant not to consume enough milk during a single feeding. Thirst may also contribute to their disrupted sleep patterns, indicating that a feeding could resolve the issue.
Separation Anxiety
Some infants may struggle to sleep due to a strong attachment to their parents. This close bond can make nighttime rest more challenging, as the baby may fear separation from their caregivers. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends co-sleeping in the same room (but not in the same bed) for at least the first six months, ideally up to one year, as this can facilitate nighttime feedings and help the child feel close to their parents, thereby reducing separation anxiety.
Fatigue
Sometimes an infant may find it hard to sleep if they are overtired. In such instances, assistance may be needed to help them settle down, whether through breastfeeding or gentle rocking. To avoid the issue of overtiredness, it is beneficial to stick to a structured nap schedule as much as possible, even during disruptions such as holidays or travel.
Discomfort
An infant may wake multiple times throughout the night or have trouble sleeping due to various discomforts, including:
- Pain
- Gas
- Constipation
- Cold or allergies
- Wet diapers
- Uncomfortable clothing
- Room temperature that is too hot or cold
Teething Pain
Infants can begin teething as early as three to four months, although the first teeth typically emerge around six months. Delays in teething can occur, with some children not seeing their first tooth until they reach one year old. Teething pain can disrupt sleep and lead to nighttime wakefulness. Signs of teething in infants include:
- Excessive drooling
- Chewing or biting
- Increased fussiness during feeding
- Irritability
Transitioning to a New Bed
Moving to a dedicated crib may make it more difficult for an infant to sleep, especially if the new bed is located outside the parents’ bedroom. This transition can evoke feelings of loneliness or anxiety in the child, a normal part of separation anxiety. Therefore, it is crucial for parents to maintain the infant’s sleep routine by ensuring the new sleeping environment is comforting and familiar. They should also check that the crib is safe and comfortable and that bedding is secure.
Baby’s Interaction with Their Environment
Infants are extremely sensitive, and excessive stimulation during the day may hinder their ability to fall asleep and relax. It’s vital to recognize the limits of activities an infant can endure without becoming overstimulated, which can negatively affect their sleep. Potential sources of overstimulation can include:
- A mother consuming chocolate, which may lead to the release of stimulating substances in her breast milk
- Excessive playtime during the day
- High noise levels and numerous activities throughout the day
When to Consult a Pediatrician
Infants may take some time to establish their circadian rhythms, making irregular sleep patterns a common occurrence. Generally, difficulties in infant sleep do not indicate a serious issue. However, it is advisable to seek professional guidance in the following situations:
- The infant seems to be in pain or ill
- The infant consistently fails to get an adequate amount of sleep for their age
- Standard measures like creating a sleep schedule and establishing a routine do not yield improvements
It is essential to consult a healthcare provider if the infant’s sleep difficulties affect the parents or caregiver, potentially leading to symptoms of depression or various mental health issues.
Video: My Baby Won’t Sleep!
Infants require more sleep than adults, so how can we assist them in achieving this much-needed rest?