What Are the Effects of Burns?
The effects of burns typically arise from damage to the skin cells due to exposure to a heat source or caustic chemicals. In response to this injury, the body naturally produces a protein known as collagen to aid in the repair of damaged cells. As the skin begins to heal, thick areas of varying colors, commonly referred to as scars, may form. Some of these scars are temporary and may fade over time, while others can be permanent.
How Can Burn Scars Be Treated?
Home Remedies for Reducing Burn Scars
Several measures can be taken to prevent the appearance of burn scars or to lessen their severity. Prompt treatment following a burn incident and proper care of wounds and scars are essential.
To help minimize scar visibility, consider the following steps:
- Use Silicone Gel:
Research indicates that silicone gel, typically available at pharmacies, can help reduce burn scar visibility by decreasing scar size and redness.
- Protect the Area from Sun Exposure:
Exposure to sunlight can darken burn scars and make them more noticeable. Therefore, the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) recommends covering the area and applying a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 or higher.
- Maintain Skin Hydration:
Using an appropriate moisturizer is key, but avoid creams containing vitamin A or vitamin E on scars, as they may enhance scar visibility.
- Apply Aloe Vera Gel:
The skin is particularly vulnerable to infection during the healing phase of burns. Applying aloe vera, a natural antibiotic, can help prevent infections. However, it’s important to use aloe vera gel only on minor burns, applying it 3-4 times a day for optimal results.
Other Treatment Options
Additional treatments include:
- Pressure Garments:
Applying pressure to scar tissue can help alleviate tension within the affected area, potentially reducing burn scar visibility. Consult your doctor to determine the most suitable option for your situation.
- Massage Therapy:
Massage therapy can help relieve pain, skin sensitivity, and itching associated with burn scars. It may also aid in the reduction of scar tissue and improve skin flexibility. Avoid massaging areas that are infected, fragile, or not fully healed; consider consulting a physical therapist for proper techniques.
Medical Procedures to Address Burn Scars
Medical treatments are typically performed in a doctor’s office or a hospital, including:
- Steroid Injections:
Corticosteroid injections, used primarily to treat keloid scars (thick, raised scars that extend beyond the original injury), can help soften and shrink scars, alleviating associated itching and pain.
- Laser Therapy:
This treatment is ideal for individuals seeking immediate results as it helps to restore the skin by promoting the growth of a new, healthy layer without scars. However, consider the following before opting for laser therapy:
- It may not be suitable for all patients, especially those with underlying health issues like diabetes.
- The treatment tends to be effective for patients with burn scars that are 16% or less in prominence, according to some studies.
- It may not be effective for older scars.
Surgical Options
There are various surgical options available that can help minimize the appearance of scars and improve mobility. It is essential to understand that surgical procedures may not completely eliminate burn scars.
Some of the most common surgical techniques include:
- Skin Grafts
- Local Flaps
- Tissue Expansion