Sandstorms
Sandstorms, also known as dust storms, consist of fine particles of sand that accumulate on dry surfaces. These storms are created by strong winds that lift and transport the sand from the ground, giving rise to what is referred to as a sandstorm (or dust storm in English).
The intensity and strength of sandstorms increase with the velocity of the winds and the concentration of the sand particles being displaced and deposited in other areas. But what are the underlying causes of sandstorms? This article will explore this topic in detail.
Causes of Sandstorms
The primary cause of sandstorms is the powerful winds capable of lifting sand particles off the ground. The size of sand grains during a sandstorm typically ranges from 0.08 mm to 1 mm, and these winds can carry the particles over thousands of kilometers, resulting in substantial damage along their path.
Winds are generated due to extreme temperature increases in the air above deserts at certain times of the year, leading to instability in the lower atmosphere (the Troposphere), which is the layer closest to the Earth’s surface.
This temperature instability creates disturbances in the lower atmosphere, which then transfer to the surface, resulting in the formation of sandstorms.
Where Do Sandstorms Occur?
Sandstorms primarily occur in arid and desert regions across the globe, including the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula, North America, and Africa. This prevalence is due to the abundance of sand and elevated temperatures that contribute to wind formation, as previously mentioned.
Consequences of Sandstorms
Even though sandstorms can dissipate in a matter of minutes, they pose significant issues and cause numerous damages. The direct exposure to sandstorms can lead to serious health problems, with severe cases potentially resulting in fatalities.
When sand particles enter the eyes, mouth, or nose and reach the lungs, they can cause breathing difficulties and respiratory infections, especially for individuals with lung conditions such as asthma or allergies. It is crucial to take preventive measures to avoid these health risks by staying away from areas impacted by sandstorms and wearing protective gear, including masks, goggles, and wet scarves that help shield these vulnerable areas of the body.
Sandstorms also contribute to traffic accidents, particularly on desert roads, due to reduced visibility and sand-covered streets that obstruct drivers’ paths, potentially leading to disorientation in the desert.
Additionally, airborne sand can present serious risks to aviation. Dense dust reduces visibility for pilots, resulting in flight delays and cancellations. Furthermore, sandstorms can cause mechanical issues in aircraft, highlighting the broader impacts of these natural events.