Symptoms of Cystitis
Cystitis, also known as bladder inflammation, is an infection that affects the urinary tract. While certain medications and radiation therapy can contribute to its onset, bacterial infections are the primary cause of this condition. Cystitis can be both painful and bothersome, and it may pose a greater risk if the infection spreads to the kidneys. A variety of symptoms are associated with cystitis, including:
- Presence of blood in urine (Hematuria).
- Burning sensation during urination.
- Mild fever.
- Urgent need to urinate.
- Frequent urination in small amounts.
- Strong odor of urine.
- Pressure in the lower abdomen.
- Daytime involuntary urination in children with cystitis.
Risk Factors for Cystitis
Several factors can increase the likelihood of developing cystitis. These include:
- Thinning of the mucous membrane: Mucus serves as a protective barrier against bacteria. After menopause, the density of the vaginal mucous membrane decreases, potentially increasing the risk of infection.
- Obstruction in the urinary tract: A blockage in any part of the urinary system can hinder urine flow and lead to cystitis.
- Radiation therapy: Exposure to radiation may elevate the risk of developing cystitis.
- Gender: Women are at a higher risk of developing bladder infections compared to men, primarily due to the proximity of the urethra to the rectum.
- Full bladder: This condition is common in men with prostate enlargement and in pregnant women. Retaining urine for prolonged periods can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth.
- Decreased estrogen levels: Lower estrogen levels after menopause can lead to thinning of the urethral lining, increasing susceptibility to infections and inflammation.
Treatment for Cystitis
Cystitis can be managed through various approaches:
- Home care: Implementing certain home remedies can alleviate the symptoms of cystitis. These include drinking plenty of fluids, consuming cranberry juice, avoiding foods and beverages that may exacerbate symptoms, and wearing breathable, cotton underwear.
- Medications: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for the treatment of bacterial cystitis.
- Surgical procedures: In cases of chronic cystitis, surgical intervention may be considered, although it is typically not the first line of treatment.