Essential Etiquettes of Fasting
Fasting encompasses a series of essential etiquettes that Muslims must diligently observe, whether through actions or words. Below are some key aspects of these etiquettes:
Sincerity in Fasting
Sincerity in fasting involves a Muslim intending to seek the pleasure of Allah (SWT) through their fast. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) affirmed this by stating: “Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward will have their previous sins forgiven.” Sincerity is a fundamental prerequisite for the validity of fasting, which is often overlooked by those who fast merely to conform to social customs.
Performing Obligatory Prayers
The prayer is the most significant pillar of Islam after the declaration of faith (Shahada). It is essential for a Muslim to be diligent in performing their prayers punctually, ensuring all aspects and conditions are fulfilled. Additionally, attending prayers in congregation is highly encouraged.
Avoiding Forbidden Speech and Actions
This involves steering clear of lying, gossip, slander, dishonesty in work, studies, and transactions, as well as false testimony. Furthermore, Muslims should avoid listening to unlawful music and songs, refrain from gazing at prohibited sights, and distanced themselves from abusive language and speaking ill of others.
Recommended Etiquettes of Fasting
The recommended etiquettes in fasting are acts of worship that earn a Muslim reward if performed but do not incur punishment if omitted. Below is a list of some of these recommended practices:
Suhoor (Pre-dawn Meal)
It is recommended for Muslims to partake in Suhoor, as the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Partake in Suhoor, for indeed there is a blessing in it.” Suhoor strengthens and energizes the body for fasting and performing worship effectively. It is advisable to delay Suhoor until just before the break of dawn.
Promptness in Breaking the Fast
Muslims are encouraged to break their fast promptly. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) mentioned: “People will continue to be in a good state as long as they hasten to break their fast.” As soon as it is verified that the sun has set, it is preferred to break the fast, ideally starting with fresh dates; if unavailable, then with dried dates, or water.
Dua (Supplication)
It is recommended for Muslims to supplicate to Allah (SWT) during their fast and at the moment of breaking it, asking for whatever they desire of goodness in this world and the Hereafter. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stated: “Three supplications are not rejected: the just ruler, the fasting person until he breaks his fast, and the supplication of the oppressed.”
Recitation of the Quran and Remembrance of Allah
Reading the Quran and engaging in dhikr (remembrance of Allah) are highly encouraged, especially during fasting. It has been reported that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) would review the Quran with Gabriel every night during Ramadan. Muslims should strive to maintain their morning and evening dhikrs and other recommended supplications and increase their voluntary prayers.
Providing Iftar for Others
Muslims are encouraged to provide Iftar for those who are fasting and to show kindness to them, as the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever provides Iftar for a fasting person will earn the same reward.” This act is valued even if the person being fed is wealthy, and the offering can be something as simple as water or a few dates.
Reflecting on Allah’s Blessings
Muslims should remind themselves of Allah’s favor in enabling them to fast, granting them good health, and allowing them to reach Ramadan and complete their fast. Many wish they could fast but are unable due to illness, incapacity, or passing before the month arrives.
Increased Charity
It is highly encouraged for Muslims to increase their charitable acts during Ramadan. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was known to be the most generous of people, especially during Ramadan. It is related in a hadith: “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he was most generous during Ramadan when he met Gabriel, who would study the Quran with him.” Thus, his generosity would surpass that of a swiftly flowing wind.
Diligence in the Last Ten Nights
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) devoted himself to worship during the last ten nights of Ramadan. This period is particularly valuable for prayer and supplication, especially seeking Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree). Retreating for spiritual purification (i’tikaf) during this time is also highly recommended.
Using the Miswak
The use of the miswak (tooth-stick) is recommended for Muslims, both while fasting and otherwise. There are varying opinions among scholars regarding its use after midday, with some disapproving and others permitting it. However, certain times emphasize its recommendation, such as:
- Upon waking from sleep.
- During ablution.
- Before each prayer.
- When reading the Quran.
- Upon entering the home.
- When experiencing bad breath.