Causes of Melasma
The following are the primary factors contributing to the development of melasma:
- Disturbances in melanocyte function (the cells responsible for skin pigmentation), which lead to changes in skin color.
- Skin tone; individuals with darker skin are more susceptible to melasma, as they possess a higher number of pigment-producing cells compared to those with lighter skin.
- Additional triggers for melasma include:
- Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, hormonal therapy, or the use of contraceptive methods.
- Excessive sun exposure.
- The use of certain skincare products that may irritate the skin.
- Genetic predisposition; individuals with family members who have experienced melasma are at a greater risk of developing it themselves.
Symptoms of Melasma
While melasma does not cause physical harm, its appearance can lead to anxiety for those affected. If melasma spots appear, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist for appropriate treatment. These spots manifest as areas of discoloration, often darker than the surrounding skin. They typically appear on the face and can also be found on other parts of the body that are frequently exposed to sunlight. Common areas for melasma spots include:
- Cheeks
- Forehead
- Nose bridge
- Chin
- Neck and forearms
Understanding Melasma
Melasma is a form of skin hyperpigmentation that often occurs during pregnancy and is commonly referred to as the “mask of pregnancy.” It typically presents as dark brown patches on the face. Fortunately, this type of melasma usually resolves after childbirth. Factors that exacerbate melasma include direct and prolonged sun exposure, underscoring the importance of using appropriate sunscreen and effective sun protection measures.