Final Expedition of the Prophet
The final military expedition led by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) alongside his companions was the Battle of Tabuk. This significant event occurred in Rajab of the ninth year of the Hijra. The battle played a crucial role in solidifying the foundations of Islam and fortifying the Muslim community following the Prophet’s passing. Additionally, it served to expose hypocrites and unveil their hidden sentiments towards their fellow Muslims and their participation in military engagements.
Conditions of the Muslims During the Expedition
The journey of the Muslims to confront the Romans in Tabuk began at a time when tensions were high. The Romans had mobilized after the conquest of Mecca, preparing for a confrontation with Muslim forces. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) believed it was essential for the Romans to witness the strength and resolve of the Muslims, as opposed to a state of complacency. Although the conditions in the city were extremely challenging, with soaring summer temperatures and the ripening fruits of the season pulling the attention of the Muslims, the journey to Tabuk required traversing a great distance. Compounding these difficulties was the knowledge that among them were hypocrites lurking within the city, some of whom were in communication with the distant Roman army. All of these factors surrounded the Muslims as the Prophet (peace be upon him) made the decision to leave the city and engage a formidable enemy known for its numbers and armaments.
Victory of the Muslims at the Battle of Tabuk
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions traveled for an entire month to reach the vicinity of Tabuk. Upon arrival, they found no trace of the Roman forces; Allah had instilled terror in the hearts of the Romans even before the encounter. To demonstrate strength and capability, the Prophet (peace be upon him) remained in Tabuk for almost twenty days, awaiting any challengers willing to confront him. Ultimately, he returned to Medina, achieving a significant victory alongside his companions without engaging in battle.