Input Devices in Computers
Input devices play a crucial role in sending data to a computer for processing. Some of the most significant examples of input devices include:
- Keyboard: The keyboard allows users to input data into the computer in the form of letters and numbers.
- Mouse: A mouse consists of a compact box with two buttons, commonly referred to as the left and right buttons, along with a scroll wheel positioned between them. Its functionality is based on detecting motion and sending corresponding signals to the CPU when the buttons are pressed. It is primarily used to move the cursor on the screen.
- Microphone: This device captures audio and inputs it into the computer, which then stores it digitally. Microphones find applications in various software, such as adding audio to multimedia presentations.
- Scanner: Scanners are used to convert physical documents into digital copies stored on the computer’s hard drive.
- Barcode Reader: This device reads encoded data, represented by black and white lines on products and books, by scanning it and converting it into alphanumeric values that are transmitted to the computer.
- Webcam: A webcam captures images and transmits them into the computer.
- Joystick: A joystick is an input device that moves the cursor on a display screen, commonly utilized in video games.
Output Devices in Computers
Output devices serve the purpose of displaying processed data from the computer to the user, which can be in the form of images, sounds, or videos. Key examples of output devices include:
- Monitor: The monitor displays processed data as information in the form of text or images.
- Projector: A projector receives data from the computer and projects it as text and images onto any surface, such as a wall.
- Speakers: Speakers receive audio data from the computer and output sound for users to hear.
- Printer: Printers are used to convert digital data stored in the computer into physical copies on paper.
Input and Output Devices in Computers
There are devices that function as both input and output devices, allowing them to receive and send data simultaneously. Notable examples include:
- Modem: A modem converts incoming and outgoing data between the computer and telephone lines, transforming digital data into analog signals and vice versa.
- Touch Screen: The touch screen serves as both an input and output device by enabling user interaction with electronic devices through touch with fingers or stylus while also displaying data on the screen.
- Network Interface Card (NIC): Also known as a network adapter, this card enhances the computer’s connectivity capabilities to a network.