Causes of Alopecia in Children
The exact cause of alopecia areata is not fully understood. Generally, this condition is recognized as an autoimmune disorder wherein the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy cells in the body. It is important to note that autoimmune disorders are often genetic in nature, arising from mutations in one or more genes, and may also be triggered by environmental factors or specific stimuli that affect immune function. Furthermore, children with a family history of alopecia areata are at a higher risk of inheriting this condition.
Symptoms of Alopecia in Children
The primary symptom of alopecia is hair loss. Some affected children may also experience itching or a burning sensation. Notably, hair loss does not occur abruptly; it typically begins with shedding in one or two patches on the scalp, which appear smooth, round, and often have a pinkish tint. In addition, the child may lose hair in other areas of the body, including the beard, eyebrows, arms, or legs.
Treatment for Alopecia in Children
Initially, the most advisable approach for treating many cases of alopecia is to adopt a wait-and-see strategy. This involves refraining from medical interventions in anticipation of the hair regrowing on its own. While other treatment options can be effective in managing visible patches and promoting their recovery, they do not prevent the emergence of new ones. Below are some common treatments that may be considered for this condition:
- Topical steroid creams.
- Corticosteroid injections administered between the layers of the skin.
- Diphenylcyclopropenone medication.
- Ultraviolet light therapy.