Genetic Mutations
Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are a prevalent health concern among women that often elude detection. This is primarily due to the absence of prominent symptoms in many cases. While scientists have yet to pinpoint the exact cause of uterine fibroid formation, certain factors can increase the likelihood of their development. Notably, genetic disorders that impact the smooth muscle cells of the uterus can lead to the formation of these fibroids. Additionally, having a family history of uterine fibroids significantly raises the risk of developing this condition.
Hormonal Imbalances
The hormones progesterone and estrogen play a crucial role in the formation of uterine fibroids. Levels of these hormones tend to peak during a woman’s reproductive years, stimulating the growth and enlargement of fibroids. Women who use estrogen-containing contraceptive pills are at a higher risk of developing uterine fibroids. Conversely, a decline in these hormone levels, such as that which occurs during menopause, can lead to a reduction in the size of existing fibroids.
Pregnancy
During pregnancy, the elevated levels of estrogen and progesterone contribute to an increased risk of developing uterine fibroids or accelerating the growth of pre-existing ones. It is important to note that, in most cases, uterine fibroids do not adversely affect a woman’s fertility or the progression of a healthy pregnancy. However, in some instances—particularly with submucosal fibroids—there may be complications, including difficulty conceiving, higher chances of miscarriage, premature birth, and other pregnancy-related issues.
Other Contributing Factors
Several additional factors may elevate the risk of developing uterine fibroids, including:
- Disruption of insulin-like growth factor levels.
- Obesity.
- High consumption of red meat.
- Alcohol intake.
- Inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables.
- Advancing age.