Symptoms of Appendicitis
The appendix is a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen. Appendicitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the appendix, which can cause significant pain. This inflammation often results in the accumulation of pus, a fluid composed of dead cells and inflammatory tissue, primarily due to infection. The following are common symptoms associated with appendicitis:
- Abdominal pain, typically the first symptom to appear, described as sudden and severe, worsening over the course of several hours.
- Relief of discomfort with bowel movements.
- Nausea.
- Vomiting.
- Constipation.
- Diarrhea.
- Abdominal bloating.
- Inability to pass gas.
- Loss of appetite.
Complications of Appendicitis
Appendicitis can lead to several complications, including:
- Peritonitis: This condition arises when the appendix ruptures, leading to the spread of infection throughout the abdominal cavity. Immediate surgical intervention is necessary to remove the appendix, accompanied by antibiotic treatment. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain and swelling, difficulty breathing, and elevated body temperature.
- Abscess formation: If the appendix bursts, an abscess may develop around it, causing pain. This can also occur post-surgery. An abscess represents the body’s response to infection and is typically treated with antibiotics. Drainage of the pus may be required, necessitating local anesthesia and the insertion of a needle guided by ultrasound or CT imaging.
Causes of Appendicitis
The exact cause of appendicitis remains unclear; however, experts suggest that it often results from an obstruction in the appendix. This blockage leads to bacterial overgrowth, resulting in pus and swelling, thereby causing painful abdominal pressure. Factors that may contribute to the blockage of the appendix include:
- Hard stool buildup
- Presence of tumors
- Intestinal worms
- Injuries
- Enlargement of lymphatic follicles